Expression profiles of iron transport molecules along the duodenum

Duodenal biopsies are considered a suitable source of enterocytes for studies of dietary iron absorption. However, the expression level of molecules involved in iron absorption may vary along the length of duodenum. We aimed to determine whether the expression of molecules involved in the absorption of heme and non‐heme iron differs depending on the location in the duodenum. Analysis was performed with samples of duodenal biopsies from 10 individuals with normal iron metabolism. Samples were collected at the following locations: (a) immediately post‐bulbar, (b) 1–2 cm below the papilla of Vater and (c) in the distal duodenum. The gene expression was analyzed at the mRNA and protein level using real‐time PCR and Western blot analysis. At the mRNA level, significantly different expression of HCP1, DMT1, ferroportin and Zip8 was found at individual positions of duodenum. Position‐dependent expression of other molecules, especially of FLVCR1, HMOX1 and HMOX2 was also detected but with no statistical significances. At the protein level, we observed statistically significantly decreasing expression of transporters HCP1, FLVCR1, DMT1, ferroportin, Zip14 and Zip8 with advancing positions of duodenum. Our results are consistent with a gradient of diminishing iron absorption along the duodenum for both heme and non‐heme iron.