How do evergreen and deciduous species respond to shade?—Tolerance and plasticity of subtropical tree and shrub species of South-East China |
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| Institution: | 1. IBAM (Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza), FCA UNCuyo – CONICET, Almirante Brown 500, Chacras de Coria (5505) Luján de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina;2. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Padre Contreras 1300 (5500), Mendoza, Argentina;3. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Mendoza, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), San Martin 3853, Mayor Drummond (5507), Luján de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina;4. IFEVA (Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas vinculadas a la Agricultura), CONICET – Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Agronomía, Av. San Martín 4453 (1417), Buenos Aires, Argentina;5. Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA, and Kearney Agricultural Research and Extension Center, 9240 S. Riverbend Ave., Parlier, CA, United States;6. IADIZA (Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones en Zonas Áridas), CONICET, UNCuyo. Av. Ruiz Leal s/n, Parque General San Martín (5500), Mendoza, Argentina;1. Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China;2. College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;3. Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China;4. College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China;1. Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China;2. College of environmental science and engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong, China;3. University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 10049, China,;4. College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China,;1. Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne EPFL, School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering ENAC, Laboratory of Ecological Systems ECOS, Station 2, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland;2. Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Site Lausanne, Station 2, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland;3. Laboratoire de Chrono-Environnement, UMR CNRS 6249, UFR des Sciences et Techniques, 16 route de Gray, Université de Franche-Comté, F-25030 Besançon, France;4. Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Site Birmensdorf, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland;1. Department of Horticulture, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA;2. Department of Forest Resources & Environmental Conservation and Department of Horticulture, Virginia Tech, 310 West Campus Drive, Cheatham Hall, Suite 310 (mail code: 0324), Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA;3. Department of Forest Resources & Environmental Conservation, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA;4. Department of Crop & Soil Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA |
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| Abstract: | Different plant species make use of resource gradients such as light in different ways. First, plant species specialize in using different parts of the gradient, resulting in niche partitioning, Second, within the section of the gradient used by a species, plants respond to a different resource supply by plasticity. Our study addressed both of these strategies, with the main objective to relate mean responses and plasticity indices of seedlings of woody species to species characteristics such as leaf habit and to variation in branch lengths and local frequency of adult trees in forest communities.A greenhouse experiment with 36 deciduous and 35 evergreen subtropical tree and shrub species was carried out to test the influence of light and nutrient availability on trait expression and plasticity of the species. The greenhouse responses of seedlings were compared with adult individuals in the field, based on a set of 46 species that occurred also in the 27 permanent plots in a secondary subtropical broadleaved forest in Zhejiang Province (SE-China).In the greenhouse experiment, most variables showed significant differences between unshaded (250 μE m−2 s−1) and shaded (10 μE m−2 s−1) treatments as well as between high and low nutrient supply. Deciduous species were more plastic than evergreen species in their response to light. No significant correlations were detected in mean responses and plasticity between juvenile plants in the greenhouse and adult trees in the field. However, some trait values such as biomass and node density as well as plasticity of several traits were positively related to the species’ abundance in the field, suggesting that locally abundant species tend to be less “plastic” than locally rare species. |
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