Th17 cells and activated dendritic cells are increased in vitiligo lesions |
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Authors: | Wang Claire Q F Cruz-Inigo Andres E Fuentes-Duculan Judilyn Moussai Dariush Gulati Nicholas Sullivan-Whalen Mary Gilleaudeau Patricia Cohen Jules A Krueger James G |
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Institution: | Laboratory for Investigative Dermatology, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, United States of America. |
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Abstract: | BackgroundVitiligo is a common skin disorder, characterized by progressive skin
de-pigmentation due to the loss of cutaneous melanocytes. The exact cause of
melanocyte loss remains unclear, but a large number of observations have
pointed to the important role of cellular immunity in vitiligo
pathogenesis.Methodology/Principal FindingsIn this study, we characterized T cell and inflammation-related dermal
dendritic cell (DC) subsets in pigmented non-lesional, leading edge and
depigmented lesional vitiligo skin. By immunohistochemistry staining, we
observed enhanced populations of CD11c+ myeloid dermal DCs and
CD207+ Langerhans cells in leading edge vitiligo biopsies.
DC-LAMP+ and CD1c+ sub-populations of dermal DCs expanded
significantly in leading edge and lesional vitiligo skin. We also detected
elevated tissue mRNA levels of IL-17A in leading edge skin biopsies of
vitiligo patients, as well as IL-17A positive T cells by
immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. Langerhans cells with activated
inflammasomes were also noted in lesional vitiligo skin, along with
increased IL-1ß mRNA, which suggest the potential of Langerhans cells
to drive Th17 activation in vitiligo.Conclusions/SignificanceThese studies provided direct tissue evidence that implicates active Th17
cells in vitiligo skin lesions. We characterized new cellular immune
elements, in the active margins of vitiligo lesions (e.g. populations of
epidermal and dermal dendritic cells subsets), which could potentially drive
the inflammatory responses. |
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