A limited survey of fumonisins in corn and corn-based products in Asian countries |
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Authors: | Y Ueno S Aoyama Y Sugiura D-S Wang U-S Lee E Y Hirooka S Hara T Karki G Chen S-Z Yu |
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Affiliation: | 1. Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Science University of Tokyo, Ichigaya, Shinjuku-Ku, 162, Tokyo, Japan 2. Research Institute for Biosciences, Science University of Tokyo, Noda, Chiba, Japan 4. Department of Food Engineering, National Chung-Ju Technical College, Jungwon-Gun, Chung-Buk, Korea 5. Centro de Ciencias Agrarias, Fundacao Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Parana, Brazil 6. Hokkaido National Agricultural Experiment Station, Memuro-Cho, Kasai-Gun, Hokkaido, Japan 7. Central Food Research Laboratory, Kathmandu, Nepal 8. Institute for Public Health, Shanghai Medical University, Shanghai, China
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Abstract: | Natural occurrence of fumonisins B1 (FB1) and B2 (FB2), a promoter for hepato-carcinogenesis, was investigated in corn and corn — based products sampled in Japan, Nepal, and China by high — performance liquid chromatographic method. From the 9 imported corn kernel and 6 gluten feed samples, FB1 was detected in 8 corn (0.6 ~ 4.1μg/g) and all gluten feed (0.3 ~ 2.4μg/g) samples, while FB2 was found in the same corn (0.3 ~ 10μg/g) and 3 gluten feed (0.8 ~ 8.5μg/g) samples. ELISA analysis also revealed the contamination of aflatoxin B1 in 2 corn and all gluten feed samples along with fumonisins. Of 17 corn grit samples, 14 and 5 samples were contaminated with fumonisin B1 and B2, with maximum levels of 2.6 and 2.8μg/g, respectively. As for corn-based foodstuffs marketed in Japan, no significant contamination of fumonisins was observed. Among 24 corn kernel samples in Nepal, 12 and 7 samples were positive for FB1 and FB2, and averaged to 0.6 and 1.6μg/g, respectively. One sample showed the highest fumonisin contents as 4.6 and 5.5μg/g, respectively. In corn samples harvested at Shanghai and Beijing, China, FB1 and FB2 were detected in various concentrations. Mycological survey has also revealed the presence of a fumonisin — producing fungus in a crop field of Japan. These findings have for the first time demonstrated high levels of contamination of fumonisins in corn and corn — based products in Asian countries. Natural co — occurrence of fumonisins and aflatoxin B1 was also detected in raw materials for mixed feed. |
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