Genetic variability of Bouteloua gracilis populations differing in forage production at the southernmost part of the North American Graminetum |
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Authors: | Aguado-Santacruz Gerardo Armando Leyva-López Norma Elena Pérez-Márquez Karla Iveth García-Moya Edmundo Arredondo-Moreno José Tulio Martínez-Soriano Juan Pablo |
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Institution: | (1) Campo Experimental Bajío, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Apdo. Postal 112, Celaya, Gto, 38010, México;(2) Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigación para el Desarrollo Integral Regional-IPN, Unidad Sinaloa, México;(3) Departamento de Biotecnología y Bioquímica, CINVESTAV-IPN, Apdo. Postal 629, Irapuato, Gto, 36500, México;(4) Especialidad de Botánica, Colegio de Postgraduados, Montecillo, Texcoco, Edo. de México, 56230, México;(5) Departamento de Ingeniería Ambiental y Manejo de Recursos Naturales, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, Apdo. Postal 3-74, Tangamanga, San Luis Potosí, S.L.P, 78231, México |
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Abstract: | Bouteloua gracilis (blue grama grass) native populations have been shown to be highly variable, however the genetic basis of this variability
has not been well established. Determining the extent of genetic variability within and among plant populations have important
repercussions for the management and conservation of species, and in particular for those subjected to intensive use such
as forage plants. Using RAPD, this study was undertaken to investigate the genetic variability of four B. gracilis native populations developed in three grasslands and one shrubland at the southernmost part of the North American Graminetum
in México. Significant differences in grass aboveground production were found among the study sites, while considerable genetic
variation within each of the four blue grama populations evaluated was detected. The molecular analysis, based on 55 individuals,
revealed a total of 108 scorable repeatable bands, with 99 of them being polymorphic (overall polymorphism= 91.7%). Within
every population each individual was genetically distinct and no population-specific bands (fixed marker differences) were
identified. Pair-wise Φ
ST comparisons indicated that the four blue grama populations examined were significantly different in their genetic constitution
(P<0.001). AMOVA revealed that most of the genetic variation detected in Bouteloua gracilis was explained by intra- (88.53%), rather than by inter-population (11.47%) differences. UPGMA based on the Φ
ST values indicated that the blue grama population collected from the shrubland displayed the RAPD profiles that most differed
among the study sites. Possible causes of these results could reside on intensive grazing reducing, and proper management
conserving, the forage production and genetic diversity of blue grama native populations. Our results are consistent with
previous studies analyzing population genetic variation in outcrossing grasses and, in particular, with ecological and cytological
evidence for a high genetic variability in native populations of B. gracilis. The implications of our findings and prospective studies to be undertaken using molecular tools in the study of blue grama
biology and ecology are discussed.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. |
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Keywords: | AMOVA Bouteloua gracilis Genetic variability Population genetics RAPD |
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