石墨烯健康风险研究现状及展望

石墨烯是一种新型的二维碳纳米材料,由于具有优异的电子、光学、机械等特性,已经被广泛应用于电子器件、复合材料、能源储存等领域.近年来,石墨烯在生物医药领域崭露头角,其在诸如生物传感器、细胞成像、药物输运、抗菌材料等方面的广泛应用,为生物医药技术带来了突破,也为人体健康带来了福音.然而,随着石墨烯以不同途径进入人们的生活,其对人体及其他生物体的安全构成潜在威胁,引发的健康风险正受到广泛关注.本文从石墨烯对生物体的影响及其同生物体的相互作用方面入手,综述了近年来石墨烯健康风险的研究进展,并且总结归纳了人体抵御石墨烯健康风险的途径及机制,最后指出了未来石墨烯健康风险方面的研究方向.

Research Status and Prospect of Health Risk of Graphene

Graphene is an emerging two-dimensional carbon nanomaterial with remarkable electronic, optical and mechanical properties, and therefore has been applied extensively in the field of electronic device, composites and energy storage. Recently, as a result of its superb and unique properties, graphene has already become the competitive candidate in the field of biomedicine including biosensor, cell imaging, drug delivery and antibacterial nanomaterials, which has led to important breakthroughs in biomedical technology and brought great benefits to human health. However, as graphene creeps in our lives along with its versatile applications, its potential threat to the biosafety of human and other creatures has come to the fore and drawn worldwide attention. Therefore, in this work, the impacts caused by graphene on biobodies and the advances in the interactions between graphene and biobodies along with its mechanisms were reviewed. Then various types of biobarriers protecting human body from the negative effects induced by graphene were summarized. In the end, some important research directions concerning the health risk of graphene were pointed out and future challenges in health risk of graphene needing to be resolved were brought up.