Iron-Deficiency Anemia is Associated with Altered Characteristics of Sleep Spindles in NREM Sleep in Infancy |
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Authors: | Patricio Peirano Cecilia Algarín Marcelo Garrido Diógenes Algarín Betsy Lozoff |
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Institution: | (1) Sleep and Functional Neurobiology Laboratory, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Av. JP Alessandri 5540, Santiago, 11, Chile;(2) Center for Human Growth and Development and the Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA |
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Abstract: | Objective To determine the effects of iron-deficiency anemia on the development of non-rapid-eye-movement (NREM) sleep stages, as indexed
by sleep spindles.
Study design Patterns of sleep spindles during NREM sleep stages 2 and 3–4 (slow-wave-sleep, SWS) were compared in 26 otherwise healthy
6-month-old Chilean infants with iron-deficiency anemia and 18 non-anemic control infants. From polygraphic recordings, EEG
activity was analyzed for sleep spindles to assess their number (density), duration, frequency, and inter-spindle interval.
Results Iron-deficient anemic infants differed from the control group by having sleep spindles with reduced density, lower frequency,
and longer inter-spindle intervals in NREM sleep stage 2 and SWS.
Conclusions These results provide evidence of delayed sleep spindle patterns in iron-deficient anemic infants, suggesting that iron is
an essential micronutrient for the normal progression of NREM sleep pattern development in the human.
Special issue dedicated to Dr. Moussa Youdim. |
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Keywords: | Infants Iron-deficiency anemia Sleep spindles NREM sleep NREM sleep stage 2 SWS |
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