石油污染海域的微生物群落及烃的降解

目前世界海洋石油污染问题已经严重威胁到海洋生态环境的安全,生物修复是一种处理石油污染的新方法。综述了海洋环境中烃降解微生物生态学方面的一些研究进展,包括探测未培养细菌的新方法、新的分离方法及主要的烃降解菌株的特性,以便努力改进现有分离石油降解菌及石油乳化细菌的方法,同时发现对于石油降解有益的新菌种。

Microbial Communities and Hydrocarbon Degradation in Oil-contaminated Seawater

Nowadays,oil-pollution of seawater in the world has severely threatened the security of sea entironment.Bioremediation offers one available option for an oil spill response.The aspects as follows are introduced some evolvement of microbial ecology,including new method of survey of microbial diversity without cultivation,new isolated method and the properties of main hydrocarbon degradated strain.But we have little or no understanding of the vast majority of marine bacteria that remain uncultured,and more efforts should be made to improve current methods for isolating oil-degrading or oil-emulsifying bacteria,not only for assessing the fate and effects of the spilled oil,but also for isolating novel bacteria that would be useful for the petroleum industry.