大豆优异种质资源的利用与创新

黑龙江省农科院利用已获得的具有野生大豆(含半野生大豆)多花荚、多分枝、高蛋白等有益性状基因的优异种间杂交新种质(G.max×G.soja)与栽培大豆(G.max)回交,一方面继续拓宽大豆育种遗传基础,另一方面改善现有种间杂交种质的农艺性状和品质,并提高产量水平,已选育出外贸制纳豆、豆芽、制酱及青瓤黑豆等特用大豆品种(系).实践表明,利用野生大豆及种间杂交新种质,对拓宽大豆育种遗传基础,提高大豆育成品种水平,尤其对特用大豆品种(系)的选育是有效可行的.

Enhancement and utilization of elite germplasm of soybean

Elite soybean germplasm derived from the cross between G.max and G.soja which is faverable in more florets and pods,more branches and high protein content adopted from wild soybean,was used to make backcross with soybean cultivars (G.max) in order to broaden the genetic basis of soybean breeding and improve the agronomic traits,yield and quality of germplasm derived from interspecific crossing as well as soybean breeding for special purpose including exporting,sprouting,sauce making and food-treating.Breeding practice indicated that the utilization of new germplasm derived from wild and cultivated soybean is feasible and effective to broaden the genetic basis of soybean breeding and improve variety,especially to select soybean varieties or lines for special purpose.