呼吸道不同部位的微生物分布特点及药敏分析

目的指导临床合理选用抗生素,预防减少呼吸道感染的发生及深入.方法取痰、喉室的分泌物及喉癌术后气管内的分泌物进行细菌培养和药敏试验.结果呼吸科呼吸道感染的病原菌中以白色念球菌居首位,其次革兰阴性杆菌检出率高,对亚胺培南的耐药性最低.耳鼻喉科声带息肉患者喉室的病原菌中以草绿链球菌居首位,对阿莫西林-棒酸,头孢1、2代敏感.耳鼻喉科喉癌术后气管切开患者下呼吸道感染的病原菌中,既有革兰阳性菌（以肺炎链球菌为主）又有革兰阴性杆菌（以铜绿假单胞菌、醋酸钙不动杆菌为主）,革兰阴性杆菌较革兰阳性菌多,均对头孢他啶有较高的敏感率.结论由于细菌的分布特点不一,耐药性不一样,最好依据细菌学选择敏感抗生素,当病原菌不明时,需要经验用药时则根据其筛查出的细菌排序的流行趋势选择抗生素.

Distribution of pathogenic bateria in different part of respiratory path

Objective To instruct the clinic usage of antibiotic and to decrease and prevent the infection in respiratory. Methods The secretion of different way in respirtory were collected, cultured and defined, drug-sensitivity test were done. Result Candida albicans was the main isolated in respiratory ward,the second one was the Gram-negative bacteria, and imipenem was the most effective antibiotics. Green streptococcus was the main isolated in throat in ENT ward. Amoxicillin-cavulanated potassium,the first and second cepholosporins were sensitive to it. Pneumoniae streptococcus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobater baumannii calcoaceticus were the main isolated microorganisms in the trachea incision patients in ENT ward. Ceftazidime had the higher sensitivity to them. Conclusions The detecting rate of the microorganisms was the different in various disease. The best way was to select the sensitive antibiotics basing on them ,if the using of the antibiotic by experience was needed, it was important to survey the characteristic of the spectrum of microorganisms and drugs resistance in your own department.