Background ventilatory stimulus as a determinant of load compensation

Compensation for inspiratory flow-resistive loading was compared during progressive hypercapnia and incremental exercise to determine the effect of changing the background ventilatory stimulus and to assess the influence of the interindividual variability of the unloaded CO2 response on evaluation of load compensation in normal subjects. During progressive hypercapnia, ventilatory response was incompletely defended with loading (mean unloaded delta VE/delta PCO2 = 3.02 +/- 2.29, loaded = 1.60 +/- 0.67 1.min-1.Torr-1 CO2, where VE is minute ventilation and PCO2 is CO2 partial pressure; P less than 0.01). Furthermore the degree of defense of ventilation with loading was inversely correlated with the magnitude of the unloaded CO2 response. During exercise, loading produced no depression in ventilatory response (mean delta VE/delta VCO2 unloaded = 20.5 +/- 1.9, loaded = 19.2 +/- 2.5 l.min-1.l-1.min-1 CO2 where VCO is CO2 production; P = NS), and no relationship was demonstrated between degree of defense of the exercise ventilatory response and the unloaded CO2 response. Differences in load compensation during CO2 rebreathing and exercise suggest the presence of independent ventilatory control mechanisms in these states. The type of background ventilatory stimulus should therefore be considered in load compensation assessment.