人工栽培山莨菪和野生山莨菪中4种托烷类生物碱含量的比较研究

为了评估人工栽培山莨菪的药用价值，采用高效液相色谱技术对人工栽培和野生山莨菪的地上部分和根中具有生物活性的4种托烷类生物碱：樟柳碱、山莨菪碱、东莨菪碱和阿托品的含量进行了测定。结果表明无论是人工栽培还是野生植物，地上部分中4种生物碱含量均远低于根，这解释了人们为什么用山莨菪的根而不是整株人药。在栽培植物的根中，一年生山莨菪中各生物碱含量均小于二年生山莨菪，其根中4种生物碱总量与野生根相比差异不是很明显；二年生山莨菪根中，4种生物碱总量以及樟柳碱、东莨菪碱和阿托品含量均比野生的高。这说明人工栽培的山莨菪，尤其是二年生山茛菪，同野生山莨菪一样具有一定的药用价值。

Comparative Study of Contents of Four Tropane Alkaloids in Cultural and Wild Anisodus tanguticus

To assess the medicinal value of cultural Anisodus tanguticus,the contents of four bioactive tropane alkaloids,anisodine,anisodamine,scopolamine and atropine,in cultural and wild materials were determined by the HPLC method.The results showed that content of each alkaloid in the aboveground parts of cultural and wild samples was lower than that in roots,and this explained why it was not the whole plant but the root that was used as medicinal materials.The content of each alkaloid in the roots of one-year cultural material was lower than that in the two-year plants.The discrepancy of the total of four alkaloids between one-year and wild plants is not significant.Moreover,the total of four alkaloids,and the contents of anisodine,scopolamine,and atropine in two-year plants were higher than those in wild plant.Thus there is medicinal value in the cultivated A.tanguticus as well as wild A.tanguticus,especially in the two-year cultural A.tanguticus.