Niger-Congo speaking populations and the formation of the Brazilian gene pool: mtDNA and Y-chromosome data |
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Authors: | Hünemeier Tábita Carvalho Cláudia Marrero Andrea Rita Salzano Francisco Mauro Junho Pena Sérgio Danilo Bortolini Maria Cátira |
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Affiliation: | Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. |
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Abstract: | We analyzed sequence variation in the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) hypervariable segment I (HVS-I) from 201 Black individuals from two Brazilian cities (Rio de Janeiro and Porto Alegre), and compared these data with published information from 21 African populations. A subset of 187 males of the sample was also characterized for 30 Y-chromosome biallelic polymorphisms, and the data were compared with those from 48 African populations. The mtDNA data indicated that respectively 69% and 82% of the matrilineages found in Rio de Janeiro and Porto Alegre originated from West-Central/Southeast Africa. These estimates are in close agreement with historical records which indicated that most of the Brazilian slaves who arrived in Rio de Janeiro were from West-Central Africa. In contrast to mtDNA, Y-chromosome haplogroup analysis did not allow discrimination between places of origin in West or West-Central Africa. Thus, when comparing these two major African regions, there seems to be higher genetic structure with mtDNA than with Y-chromosome data. |
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Keywords: | uniparental genetic markers migrant origins gender‐specific dispersal African diaspora |
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