呼伦贝尔沙地45年来气候变化及其对生态环境的影响水

采用数理统计和对比分析方法，对近45年呼伦贝尔沙地气象观测资料和草场沙化、退化面积、植被状况等资料进行了分析。结果表明：呼伦贝尔沙地总体气候暖干化趋势显著；气温逐年升高、降水量减少、蒸发量增加和极端气候事件增多，使流动沙地面积不断增加，植被盖度下降。卫星遥感监测和全国沙漠化普查结果进一步表明，呼伦贝尔沙地的沙漠化正在扩展，生态环境正在恶化。逐年减少的大风日数和沙尘暴日数有利于该地区生态的保护与建设。20世纪80年代以来，沙区各级政府加大了对沙化的治理力度，沙地局部植被恢复较快。

Recent 45 years climate climate change and its effects on ecological environment on Hulunbeier sandy land.

By the methods of mathematical statistics and comparative analysis, this paper analyzed the recent 45 years meteorological data and the status of grassland desertification, degenerated area, and vegetation growth on Hulunbeier sandy land. Overall, the climate condition on Hulunbeier sandy land had a warming and drying trend. The air temperature increased with year, precipitation decreased, evaporation increased, and extreme weather events occurred more frequently, which made the area of mobile sand increased and the vegetation cover decreased. Satellite remote- sensing monitoring and general investigation of desertification over the country further indicated that the desertification on Hulunbeier sandy land was expanding, and the ecological environment was deteriorating. The decreased days with strong wind and sandstorm year after year would be beneficial to the ecological protection and construction of this area. Since the 1980s, the management of desertification has been strengthened by the local governments at all levels in desert regions, and the vegetation recovery was quite quickly on partial sandy land.