Isolation and Characterization of Microorganisms with Alternan Hydrolytic Activity |
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Authors: | HA Wyckoff GL Cote P Biely |
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Institution: | (1) Fermentation Biochemistry Research Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, 1815 North University Street, ARS/USDA, Peoria, IL 61604, USA , US;(2) Biopolymer Research Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, 1815 North University Street ARS/USDA, Peoria, IL 61604, USA , US;(3) Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia , SV |
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Abstract: | Alternan is an unusual α-D-glucan containing alternating (1 → 3), (1 → 6) linkages that exhibits remarkable resistance to
enzymatic hydrolysis. The commercial potential of the polysaccharide may be enhanced by the ability to economically modify
the native form into fractions of varying molecular weight. By employing isolation procedures with covalently dyed alternan
as the substrate, several bacterial isolates that produced endohydrolytic activity were obtained in pure culture. The activity
was confirmed by decreases in viscosity and by direct examination of the hydrolysis products with thin layer chromatography.
Analysis of the hydrolysis products established that all isolates produced enzymes with identical alternan depolymerizing
activity, producing a cyclic tetrasaccharide as a major product. All alternanase activity was shown to be extracellularly
located. A single strain exhibited constitutive production of alternanase, while all other isolates required the presence
of alternan in the growth media for enzyme production. All isolates were phenotypically similar, produced heat-resistant spores,
and were tentatively identified as members of the genus Bacillus. |
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