The insect repellent DEET (<Emphasis Type="Italic">N,N</Emphasis>-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide) increases the synthesis of glutathione <Emphasis Type="Italic">S</Emphasis>-transferase in cultured mosquito cells |
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Authors: | Vanessa J Hellestad Bruce A Witthuhn Ann M Fallon |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, 1980 Folwell Ave., St. Paul, MN 55108, USA;(2) Center for Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, University of Minnesota, 1980 Folwell Ave., St. Paul, MN 55108, USA; |
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Abstract: | DEET (N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide) is the active ingredient used in many commonly used insect repellents, but its mode of action
remains poorly understood. Efforts to identify properties that could lead to the development of more effective active ingredients
have distinguished among DEET’s repellent, deterrent, and insecticidal activities. We used an Aedes albopictus mosquito cell line to evaluate DEET’s toxicological properties in the absence of sensory input mediated by the olfactory
system. When cells were treated with DEET and labeled with 35S]methionine/cysteine, a single 25-kDa protein was induced, relative to other proteins, on SDS–polyacrylamide gels. The 25-kDa
band from DEET-treated cells was enriched in peptides corresponding to glutathione S-transferase D10 and/or theta in the Aedes aegypti genome. Consistent with the increased expression of the labeled protein, DEET-treated cells had increased glutathione S-transferase activity, and the radiolabeled band bound to Sepharose 4B containing reduced glutathione. By analyzing partial
tryptic digests, we established that DEET induces the homolog of A. aegypti glutathione S-transferase, class theta, corresponding to protein XP_001658009.1 in the NCBI database. This specific effect of DEET at the
subcellular level suggests that DEET induces physiological responses that extend beyond recognition by the peripheral olfactory
system. |
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