Costs and benefits of resistance against antimalarial drugs

Recent experiments have suggested that resistance to antimalarial drugs, in particular chloroquine, is associated with increased transmission. However, epidemiological patterns suggest the opposite: ie. that resistance should be associated with a transmission cost. Here, Jacob Koella reviews the evidence for either a cost or a benefit of chloroquine resistance and proposes ideas from population and evolutionary biology that might explain the apparent contradiction between experimental and epidemiological evidence.