Galactolipase, phospholipase and triacylglycerol lipase activities in the midgut of six species of lepidopteran larvae feeding on different lipid diets |
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Authors: | Christeller John T Amara Sawsan Carrière Frédéric |
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Institution: | a Plant and Food Research Institute, Private Bag 11600, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand b CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, Enzymologie Interfaciale et Physiologie de la Lipolyse, UPR 9025, 31 Chemin Joseph Aiguier, 13402 Marseille Cedex 20, France |
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Abstract: | Galactolipase, phospholipase and triacylglycerol lipase activities were measured from the midgut of six species of lepidopteran larvae, two folivores, Epiphyas postvittana (Tortricidae) and Helicoverpa armigera (Noctuidae); two granivores, Plodia interpunctella (Pyralidae) and Ephestia kuehniella (Pyrallidae); a presumptive carnivore, Galleria mellonella (Pyralidae); and a keratinophage, Tineola bisselliella (Tineidae). Galactolipase has not been previously reported in insects. Galactolipase and phospholipase activities were high in the folivores and triacylglycerol lipase activity was low, matching the high galactolipid content of leaves. Conversely, galactolipase and phospholipase activities were low, but not absent, and triacylglycerol lipase activity high in the four other non-folivorous species, matching the high acylglycerol content of their diets. These data suggest the utility of reclassification, for evolutionary studies, of phytophagous lepidoptera into two feeding classes; folivore and granivore, the latter having similarity to the fungivore line of feeders in terms of its lipase activities and ability to retrieve essential polyunsaturated long chain fatty acids from their diets. All the digestive lipases have alkaline pH optima for activity, matching the pH of the lepidopteran midgut and their amino acid content show modifications likely to stabilize the proteins in that environment. |
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Keywords: | DAG diacylglyceride DGDG digalactosyl diacylglyceride FA fatty acid FFA free fatty acid GPD General Purpose Diet NaTDC sodium taurodeoxycholate MAG monoacylglycerol MGDG monogalactosyl diacylglyceride PLA1/2 phospholipase A1/2 PC phosphatidyl choline PE phosphatidyl ethanolamine PG phosphatidyl glycerol PI phosphatidyl inositol PLRP2 pancreatic lipase-related protein 2 TAG triacylglycerol TLC thin-layer chromatography |
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