Dominance order reversal between two groups of free-ranging rhesus monkeys

A rank reversal between two groups of free-ranging rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) was observed.The group which became dominant through the reversal had been transplanted from another free-ranging colony eight months before. The actions of peripheral adult males of this group were important in effecting the reversal. Support of the peripheral males by the rest of the group was crucial in effecting the reversal.The development of the reversal indicates that social tradition and individual relationships between monkeys are important in maintaining and establishing intergroup rank.