A novel highly acidic polysaccharide with inhibitory activity on calcification from the calcified scale "coccolith" of a coccolithophorid alga, Pleurochrysis haptonemofera |
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Authors: | Ozaki Noriaki Sakuda Shohei Nagasawa Hiromichi |
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Affiliation: | Department of Functional Bioscience, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan. |
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Abstract: | Coccolith, a calcified scale with species-specific fine structure produced by marine unicellular coccolithophorid algae, consists of calcium carbonate (CaCO(3)) crystals and a small amount of organic matrices. A novel polysaccharide named coccolith matrix acidic polysaccharide (CMAP) was isolated from the coccolith of a coccolithophorid alga, Pleurochrysis haptonemofera. The structure of CMAP was determined by chemical analysis and NMR spectroscopy including COSY, TOCSY, HMQC, and HMBC to be a polysaccharide composed of the following unit: -->4) l-iduronic acid (alpha1-->2) meso-tartaric acid (3-->1) glyoxylic acid (1-->. It has four carboxyl groups per a disaccharide unit as observed in another polysaccharide PS-2 characterized previously in Pleurochrysis carterae. CMAP showed a strong inhibitory activity on CaCO(3) precipitation. These results suggest that CMAP serves as a regulator in the calcification of the coccolith. |
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Keywords: | CMAP, coccolith matrix acidic polysaccharide COSY, correlation spectroscopy HMBC, heteronuclear multiple bond correlation HMQC, heteronuclear multiple quantum coherence HPLC, high performance liquid chromatography NMR, nuclear magnetic resonance PAGE, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis TOCSY, total correlated spectroscopy |
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