Altered anteroposterior polarity of micropyle ring formation in the eggs of Pyrrhocoris apterus L. (Heteroptera : Pyrrhocoridae) |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Downing Site, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, UK;2. Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnologia de Cantabria-CSIC-Universidad de Cantabria-SODERCAN, Av.da A. Einstein, Santander, Spain;1. Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada;2. Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada;3. Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada;4. EMBL Australia, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia;5. St. Vincent Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia;6. Genetics and Genome Biology Program, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada;1. Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Via J. H. Dunant, 3, Varese, 21100, Italy;2. Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, Ponte P. Bucci, Cubo 4B, Rende, 87036, Italy;3. Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Via F. Guicciardini, 9, Varese, 21100, Italy;4. Department of Biosciences, University of Milano, Via G. Celoria, 26, Milano, 20133, Italy;5. BAT Center - Interuniversity Center for Studies on Bioinspired Agro-environmental Technology, University of Napoli Federico II, Via Università, 100, Portici, 80055, Italy;1. Center Laboratory of the Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University (CMU), Shenyang, 110032, China;2. Department of Pharmacology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital, CMU, Shenyang, 110032, China;3. Institute of Medical Toxicology, College of Pharmacology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China;4. Department of Biophysics, CMU, Shenyang, 110122, China |
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| Abstract: | The anterior pole of the normal eggs of Pyrrhocoris apterus (Heteroptera : Pyrrhocoridae) carries a ring of aeromicropyles. In DMR (double micropyle ring) eggs, an additional aeromicropyle ring occurs on the posterior egg pole. The number of micropyles forming this supernumerary ring varies, being usually considerably lower than that observed in the normal (anterior) ring. More than 6% of eggs laid by the Apricot (Ap) mutant of P. apterus are of the DMR type. Reciprocal crosses between the wild-type and Ap homozygous bugs demonstrate a maternal effect of the Ap mutation on the DMR egg production. Since DMR eggs are segregated at a low frequency in the wild-type strains as well as in all analyzed mutations of the bug, the DMR trait is most probably not primarily coded by the Ap gene. Physiological mechanisms involved in the formation of DMR eggs and the correlations between altered egg shell morphology and embryogenesis are also discussed. |
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