Perturbation of natural killer cell function and receptors during HIV infection

Natural killer (NK) cells play an important role in innate host defenses against a variety of pathogens. A recent report described striking perturbations in the expression of NK cell inhibitory and activating receptors in viremic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients, leading to functional abnormalities in these cells. This finding provides a mechanistic insight into NK cell dysfunction and its possible contribution to the impairment of innate host defenses in HIV-infected individuals.