中华蜜蜂咽下腺的电镜观察

王浆是由工蜂的咽下腺所分泌,咽下腺位于工蜂头腔内两侧,每侧腺体都有一条长而粗的分泌管,在分泌管的两侧平行排列有许多椭圆形小叶,每个小叶内有十多个细胞,每个细胞有一根胞外管与分泌管直接相通,细胞内有一条胞内管又与胞外管相连。王浆就是通过细胞内分泌块分泌而成,由胞内管把王浆输送到胞外管,最后由分泌管到咽喉部,在此处饲喂王浆给蜂王、幼蜂和雄蜂。通过咽下腺的超微结构观察,不仅了解到咽下腺各种细胞器的形态特征,同时也了解到输送王浆的途径。

AN ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC OBSERVATION ON THE HYPOPHARYNGEAL GLANDS OF THE WORKER HONEY BEE APIS CERANA

Royal jelly produced by the worker honey bee Apis cerana is secreted by a pair of hypopharyngeal glands on either side of the head cavity; each gland has a long duct. From this duct extending laterally in all directions, are many oval-shaped lobules, composed of several cells. These lobules are surrounded by a thin membranous capsule. Each cell possesses an intracellular ductule, which extends to the outside of the cell to form the extracellular duct of the lobule. All the ducts from the lobule lead to the surface and eventually convey the royal jelly of the gland through openings located at the corner of the hypopharyngeal plate: Electron micrographs reveal that the wall of the ductule is composed of an inner relatively dense and incomplete layer arranged as circular bands, so that it appears in section as plates of relatively dense material; in addition, there is a middle granular layer as well as an outer less well-difined membranous layer.The hypopharyngeal gland cells possess a relatively large amount of endoplasmic reticulum and secretion masses. Mitochondria, microvilli, intracellular tracheoles were also observed in the hypopharyngeal gland cell.