Micrograzers and spore release in Iridaea laminarioides Bory (Rhodophyta: Gigartinales) |
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| Affiliation: | 1. College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;2. Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;3. Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, 10 Lianyungang, 222005, China;1. College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;2. North China Sea Environmental Monitoring Center, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao 266061, China;3. The Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China;4. State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi''an University of Technology, Xi''an 710048, China;5. State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China |
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| Abstract: | Preferential consumption of algal reproductive tissues has been predicted to potentially reduce algal fitness by reduction of reproductive output. This study shows that the amphipod Hyale media (Dana) has a marked trophic preference for mature cystocarpic tissues of Iridaea laminarioides Bory. However, during the feeding process the amphipod tears the cystocarps releasing large numbers of spores into the water column. Germination and growth rate experiments indicate that grazer-mediated release does not affect further spore development. Field populations of I. laminarioides might have unopened cystocarps even in senescent, decaying fronds, while the total number of open cystocarps in mature and senescent fronds increases at higher amphipod density sites, suggesting a facilitation mechanism. Laboratory observations indicate spores can stick to the legs and body sides of the amphipods while a fraction of the ingested spores survives passage through the amphipod digestive tract. Thus, the amphipod seems ecologically important not only as a grazer but also as spore releaser and disperser. |
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