Influence of seasonal variation on the phenology and liriodenine content of Annona lutescens (Annonaceae) |
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Authors: | Marisol Castro-Moreno Clara Leonor Tinoco-Ojangurén Ma. del Rocío Cruz-Ortega Alma Rosa González-Esquinca |
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Affiliation: | 1. Laboratorio de Fisiología y Química Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas, Libramiento Norte Poniente 1150 Colonia, Lajas Maciel C.P. 29039, Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, México 2. Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria 3000 Delegación Coyoacán, C.P. 04360, Distrito Federal, México 3. Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Luis Donaldo Colosio S/N, C.P. 83000, Unidad Hermosillo, Sonora, México 4. Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, 3000 Delegación Coyoacán, C.P. 04360, Distrito Federal, México
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Abstract: | Annona lutescens Saff. (Annonaceae) grows as a native tree in Chiapas, Mexico in Tropical Dry Forest habitat. Like most Annonaceae, it biosynthesizes benzylisoquinoline alkaloids, mostly liriodenine. To determine the influence of seasonal changes in the accumulation of liriodenine, the monthly variation of liriodenine content in roots, stems and leaves of mature and young trees was observed. These parts of young and mature A. lutescens trees were collected monthly over a 1 year period and the alkaloids were extracted; the liriodenine was quantified by high-resolution liquid chromatography. The phenological stages of the species were also assessed (leaf development, flowering and fruiting) using the Biologische Bundesanstalt, Bundessortenamt und Chemische Industrie (BBCH) scale. The analysis of both young and mature trees showed a significant increase in the liriodenine concentration occurs within roots during the dry season, which coincides with leaf fall. A significant decrease also occurred at the beginning of the rainy season (the period of leaf growth); the liriodenine content for the next rainy season did not reach the levels of the previous dry season. The climatic variation induced phenological and physiological changes in this species. |
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