Impaired T- and B-cell functions in patients with Hodgkin's disease

Summary The mitogenic response of T-cell subsets, the production of interleukin-1 (Il-1) and interleukin-2 (Il-2) and in vitro immunoglobulin production was investigated in patients with Hodgkin's disease (HD). The mitogenic response of mononuclear cells (MNC) and the OKT4⁺ and OKT8⁺ subsets was greatly reduced in advanced disease stages and could only partially be restored with exogeneous Il-2. In untreated patients with HD — except those with highly advanced disease — the OKT4⁺ lymphocytes showed normal response to phytohemagglutinin in contrast to the MNC suggesting inhibiting agents or cells within the MNC. These findings corresponded to reduced Il-2 synthesis of MNC, whereas isolated OKT4⁺ — cells produced normal or elevated amounts of Il-2. MNC or monocytes produced normal or even higher amounts of lipopolysaccharide-induced Il-1 than controls. The results do not confirm a defect in this component of the interleukin system in HD. The immunological impairment was not limited to the T-cell system but involved B-cell activation and differentiation as well. The pokeweed mitogen-induced IgM, IgG and IgG production was highly suppressed in untreated HD, whereas the MNC of previously treated patients produced subnormal amounts of immunoglobulin in vitro. It is not yet clear whether this defect is T-cell-mediated or primarily a B-cell deficiency.