Relationships within the Melanogaster subgroup species of the genus Drosophila (Sophophora) |
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Authors: | Françoise Lemeunier Bernard Dutrillaux Michael Ashburner |
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Affiliation: | (1) Laboratoire de Biologie et Génétique Evolutives C.N.R.S., 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France;(2) Institut de Progenèse, 15, rue de l'Ecole de Médecine, 75006 Paris, France;(3) Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, CB2 3EH Cambridge, England |
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Abstract: | Five members of the melanogaster species subgroup of the subgenus Sophophora have been studied cytologically, their mitotic chromosomes analysed after Giemsa, C-banding and quinacrine staining. In all five species (D. yakuba, D. teissieri, D. erecta, D. orena and D. mauritiana) n=4 and all of the species except D. orena have a typical melanogaster like mitotic karyotype though there are clear differences between species in the distribution of both C+ and Q+ material. D. orena has large metacentric X and Y chromosomes due to the accumulation of intensively fluorescing material on these elements with respect to their homologues in melanogaster. This extra heterochromatin of D. orena correlates with a very high proportion of satellite DNA in its nuclear genome (S. Barnes, unpublished). The polytene chromosomes of these species were studied after quinacrine staining and Q+ material found to be restricted to the polytene fourth chromosomes, with the exception of D. orena which possesses considerable Q+ material in its chromocentre. These findings are discussed in the light of other studies of karyotype evolution in the genus Drosophila. |
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