酯酶同工酶及RAPD技术在香菇杂种优势研究中的应用*

采用酯酶同工酶及RAPD技术对香菇3个亲本双核体(苏香、野生46#、野生80#)及其10个单核体、以及它们的10个杂交后代进行了遗传差异和亲缘关系的研究,同时针对亲本单核体酯酶同工酶标记和RAPD标记遗传距离、以及杂交子和亲本单核体RAPD标记遗传距离与香菇产量超亲优势进行了相关性分析。结果表明,酯酶同工酶和RAPD技术都可进行香菇杂种优势群的划分研究,但RAPD标记检测的多态性要远远高于酯酶同工酶标记。相关分析结果表明,亲本单核体酯酶同工酶标记遗传距离与香菇产量超亲优势无相关性,而RAPD标记遗传距离与其存在极显著正相关;杂交子和以苏香为来源的单核体亲本之间RAPD标记遗传距离与香菇产量超亲优势也存在极显著正相关,而杂交子和以野生46#、野生80#为来源的单核体亲本之间RAPD标记遗传距离与其相关不显著。

APPLICATION OF ESTERASE ISOENZYME AND RAPD TECHNIQUE TO HETEROSIS STUDY OF LENTINULA EDODES

Genetic diversity and relative consanguinity among three dikaryons (SuXiang,Y46,Y80), ten monokaryons of parental strains and ten crosses of Lentinula edodes were studied by using esterase isoenzyme(EST) and RAPD techniques. The relativity of genetic distance in EST marker and RAPD marker between parental monokaryons, in RAPD marker between crosses and their parental monokaryons to yield heterobeltiosis were analyzed.The results showed that EST and RAPD techniques could be used to divide heterotic groups of Lentinula edodes, but polymorphism detected by RAPD were much higher than that by EST. Relative analysis results showed that there was no correlation between EST genetic distance and yield heterobeltiosis, but the positive correlation between RAPD genetic distance and yield heterobeltiosis was very significant at the level of 0.01, so was the positive correlation between RAPD genetic distance of crosses and their parental monokaryons originated from SuXiang and yield heterobeltiosis. The correlation between RAPD genetic distance of crosses and their parental monokaryons originated from Y46,Y80 and yield heterobeltiosis was not significant.