Iridoids and alkaloids from Castilleja host plants for platyptilia pica. Rhexifoline content of P. pica |
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| Institution: | 1. Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam;2. College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Republic of Korea;3. College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea;1. Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130, People’s Republic of China;2. College of Physics Science & Technology, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China;3. Composite Materials Engineering, Winona State University, Winona, MN 55987, USA |
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| Abstract: | Iridoid and alkaloid analyses were conducted on Castilleja sulphurea, C. occidentalis, C. rhexifolia and C. hispida (Scrophulariaceae). Pyrrolizidine alkaloids were found in C. rhexifolia and some C. sulphurea populations, but other C. sulphurea populations had quinolizidine alkaloids or none at all. No C. occidentalis populations contained alkaloids. C. hispida was found to contain lamprolobine and the quinolizidine alkaloid anagyrine. All taxa contained the pyridinemonoterpene rhexifoline. The iridoid content of the Castilleja species were all qualitatively similar. Major iridoids were aucubin, catalpol, penstemonoside and shanzhiside methyl ester, with traces of 8-epiloganin and gardoside methyl ester. Larvae of Platyptilia pica (Pterophoridae) hosted by Castilleja were found to excrete and not sequester iridoids. The adult moths contained rhexifoline alkaloid, but at a low concentration level. Systematic implications of the results for Castilleja are discussed. |
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