Postnatal development of vagina, clitoris and urethral glands of the golden hamster

We have made a histological study of the postnatal development of the clitoris, preputial glands, urethral glands and vagina of the golden hamster. The 'phallic groove' of the clitoris is closed at 10 days of life, then the urethra has a cuboidal stratified, a stratified squamous and a stratified keratinized epithelium. The preputial glands are composed of branched saccular glands. These glands develop, with few changes during their maturation period. Formation of the urethral glands begins at 5 days and the alveoli are fully developed at puberty. The hamster vagina has two origins; the upper part is Müllerian, the caudal part is sinusal. The wall of the Müllerian vagina has a cylindrical epithelium at birth, which becomes 'double epithelium' at puberty and thereafter changes cyclically in connection with the estrous cycle. The sinusal vagina is solid at birth, its lumen being formed in the first 10 days of life and its wall having a cuboidal stratified epithelium. At 15 days it becomes a stratified keratinized epithelium, which will later line the vaginal pouch. At the 5th day, an ectodermic invagination (stratified keratinized epithelium) is observed in the zone of the future introitus. At the time of vaginal opening this zone forms the distal segment.