合肥郊区春季菜园和茶园昆虫群落的组成及差异

20 0 0年春对合肥郊区菜园和茶园进行了 5天 1次的系统调查 ,共发现菜园有 3 7科 49种昆虫和蜘蛛 ,主要害虫为小菜蛾、菜粉蝶、几种蚜虫和潜叶蝇 ;茶园有 3 1科 44种。重要害虫是茶蚜和黑刺粉虱等。菜园和茶园中主要天敌是黑带食蚜蝇、七星瓢虫、蚜茧蜂和斜纹猫蛛。自 4月中旬 ,菜园物种数、个体数和多样性指数明显增大。茶园物种数、个体数和多样性指数波动性稍小。菜园害虫种数较多 ,个体数波动较大。茶园中益害物种数之比是 1 0 0 ,菜园中则为 0 5 8。主成分分析显示茶园群落的稳定性稍强。

Composition of insect communities in vegetable and tea gardens in the Hefei City suburbs in Spring.

The insect and spider communities in vegetable and tea gardens in the suburbs of Hefei City were investigated at intervals of 5 days in Sping.There are 49 species of insects and spiders,belonging to 37 families,found in vegetable garden,including important pests diamond\|back moth,imported cabbage butterfly,some aphids on cruciferous crops,and leaf mining flies.And 44 species,belonging to 31 families,were emerged in tea garden,of which tea aphid and citrus spiny white\|fly damaged the tea seriously.The main natural enemies were Syrphus balteatus,Coccinella septempunctata,Aphidius spp.and Oxyopes sertatus. After April 10,species number,individual number and index of diversity in vegetable garden community increaced obviously.Species number,individual number and index of diversity in tea garden fluctuated little.The ratio of beneficial to harmful organisms species number was 1\^00 in tea graden and was 0\^58 in vegetable garden.Principal component analysis showed that insect community in tea garden was more stable.