栉孔扇贝感染急性病毒性坏死症病毒的组织病理学与免疫荧光检测

应用组织学和单克隆抗体免疫荧光技术(Immunofluorescence assay，IFA)对夏季养殖中后期大规模死亡(“急性病毒性坏死症”Acute virus necrobiotic disease，AVND)高峰期的患病栉孔扇贝(Chlamys,farrerl)进行了检测。组织学检测结果显示，患病扇贝的大多数器官(外套膜、鳃、胃、肾等)的上皮组织细胞可见显著的细胞肿胀、嗜碱性增强、排列紊乱、部分脱落以至完全坏死脱落等显著的组织病理学变化。作为对照，利用针对AVND病毒的特异性单克隆抗体所建立的免疫荧光原位检测技术对患病扇贝进行检测发现，上皮组织的病理变化与病毒感染之间具有一致的对应关系。这一结果表明，AVND病毒的感染可以对栉孔扇贝造成严重的病理性破坏。此为解释该病毒导致栉孔扇贝大规模死亡的机制提供了直接的组织病理学依据。

Histopathological Research and Immunofluorescence of AVND Virus Infection in Cultured Scallop Chlamys farreri

The naturally infected scallops Chlamys farreri sampled during mass mortality in summer of 2003 was detected by means of histopathological and MAb-based immunofluorescence assay (IFA). The results of histological examination demonstrated that a series of histopathological changes including cell swelling, basophilic increase, disorder, partial sloughing and excessive sloughing were always observed in epithelia of many different organs, e.g. mantle, gills, stomach, intestine and kidney. Additionally, the infected tissues were applied for in situ detection of the "acute virus necrobiotic disease" (AVND) virus by means of specific MAb-based IFA, and the result demonstrated that this pathological changes or lesions were perfectly coincident with the positive cells (fluorescencing cells). The positive cells were denser in some local area of epithelia, and exhibited serious pathological lesions, which would reveal the roles of this virus in pathogenesis and further confirm that the AVND virus is the main causative agent of mass mortalities among cultured scallop Chlamys farreri farmed in northern coast of China.