远东刺猬和大耳猬的核型分析

远东刺猬和大耳猬的二倍体染色体数目均为2n=48。远东刺猬的核型组成为13m+6sm+3st+1t+XY,NF=92,C带分布于5对近端和亚中着丝粒染色体的长臂,约占整个染色体长臂的1/2至2/3,Ag-NOR_5,位于2-3对染色体的长臂端部;大耳猬的核型组成为18m+4sm+1st+XY,NF=92,C带分布于17对染色体的着丝粒部位,Ag-NOR_5位于3-5对染色体上,其中—Ag-NOR位于染色体的长臂中部,两者的核型特征有明显区别,结合前人的工作,作者提出在远东刺猬的不同地理居群中至少存在三种不同的核型。本文对普通刺猬属的远东刺猬、东欧刺猬和西欧刺猬的核型以及大耳猬属的大耳猬、达乌尔刺猬和秦岭短棘猬的核型还分别作了比较分析。此外,对远东刺猬联会复合体的形态、性染色体的配对行为和SC侧线加厚现象也作了分析讨论。

STUDIES ON THE KARYOTYPES OF Erinaceus amurensis AND Hemiechinus auritus

The diploid chromosome numbers of E. amurensis and H. auritus were both 2n = 48, and N. F.=92. The chromosome complement of E. amurensis was composed of 13 metacentric, 6 submctacentric, 3 subtclocentric, 1 telo-cetric and the XY cliromosome pair. Using the C-and Ag-NOR-banding techniques, it has been demonstrated !hat the large, terminal blocks of hetcro-chromatin were distributed on the lone; arm of 5 pairs of chrortiosomes, and the Ag-NOR5 were all located terminally, usually close to the hcterochromatin blocks on 2 -3 chromosome pairs. The chromosome complement of H. aurilus was composed of 18 metacentric, 4 submetacentric, 1 subtelocentric, and the XY chromosome pair. The C-bands have been found in 17 out of the 24 pairs of chromosome. The Ag-NORs was distributed on 3 - 5 chromosomes and the interstitial distribution of one Ag-NOR was found. Therefore, there were striking differences between the karyotypes of the two species. The authors suggested there were three different types of karyotypes among various geographic populations of E. amurensis at least. The karyotype of three species of genus Erinaceus (E. aurensis, E. europaeous and E. concolor), as well as the karyotype of three species of genus Hemiechinus (H. auritus, H. dauuricus and H. hugi), were compared respectively. The morphology of SC and the behavior of XY of E. amurensis have been studied. The G-banded karyotype of H. auritus was also presented.