兔肾积水模型的建立及SPECT和CT灌注成像

目的探索建立肾盂输尿管连接部梗阻所致肾积水的动物模型的可行性;探讨CT灌注成像对积水肾脏肾功能的评估价值。方法10周龄雄性新西兰兔50只随机分组,假手术组20只,分离左侧输尿管后直接关腹。模型组30只,选用腰大肌包埋输尿管造成左侧肾盂输尿管连接部梗阻。术前两组进行单光子发射计算机体层成像（SPECT）比较左肾功能,检验无差异后在术后3月分别行左肾SPECT、CT灌注,以病理检查为佐证,观察两组参数变化,进行CT灌注各项参数和GFR的统计学相关性分析。结果模型组建模成功达70%,呈慢性肾积水病理表现,左肾皮髓质CT灌注参数BF、BV、PS均下降,与相应GFR呈高度正相关。结论腰大肌包埋输尿管的模型制作方法具有可行性。CT灌注参数可作为肾功能状态的评定指标,具有一定的临床指导意义。

Establishment of a Rabbit Model of Hydronephrosis by Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction and Its SPECT and CT Perfusion Imaging

Objective To study the possibility of establishment of an animal model of hydronephrosis by ureteropelvic junction obstruction,and to evaluate the value of CT perfusion imaging in assessment of the renal function in the animal models. Method Fifty 10-week-old male New Zealand rabbits were randomly assigned to two groups:sham-operated group with separation of the left ureter (20 rabbits),and model group (30 rabbits) with the left ureter embedded at the ureteropelvic junction under the psoas major muscle. The left kidney function in the two groups was confirmed to be normal by SPECT before operation. CT perfusion and SPECT imagings were performed to assess the left kidney function in the two groups at three months after surgery,and the results were compared with that of pathological examination. Statistical analysis was performed on the parameters of SPECT and CT perfusion imaging and glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Results The success rate of model establishment was 70%,showing pathological changes of chronic hydronephrosis. CT perfusion demonstrated that BF,BV,PS of the left renal cortex and medulla were decreased,and had a good positive correlation with the changes of GFR. Conclusions It is feasible to establish a rabbit model of chronic hydronephrosis by embedding the left ureter at ureteropelvic junction under the psoas major muscle,and CT perfusion imaging parameters can be used to evaluate the renal function in the animal models.