非洲猪瘟病毒的免疫逃逸策略

非洲猪瘟(African swine fever,ASF)是由非洲猪瘟病毒(African swine fever virus,ASFV)引起的一种猪烈性传染病。目前无商品化的ASF疫苗,一旦发病,仅能依靠快速扑杀进行防控,严重威胁我国养猪及相关行业的健康发展。ASF疫苗研发面临的主要困难是对ASFV的毒力相关基因、致病及其免疫逃逸机制知之甚少。本文对ASFV的免疫逃逸研究进行了总结,探讨了ASFV免疫逃逸基因及其编码蛋白的功能,以便加深对ASFV及其免疫逃逸策略的认知,为致病机制研究和疫苗研发提供借鉴。

Immunoevasion strategies of African swine fever virus

African swine fever (ASF) is a highly contagious, fatal infectious disease of pigs caused by African swine fever virus (ASFV). There is no commercialized vaccine or economical control strategy other than slaughter, which poses a serious threat to the healthy development of the swine industry in China. A major difficulty in the development of ASF vaccines is insufficient knowledge about the virulence-associated genes, the pathogenesis and immunoevasion mechanisms of ASFV. This review summarizes the recent progress in ASFV immunoevasion, discusses the immunoevasion-related functions of ASFV genes and the encoded proteins, which will help understand immunoevasion strategies and mechanisms of ASFV, and provide insights into pathogenesis and vaccine development.