鱼类对海洋升温与酸化的响应

自工业革命以来,空气中人为排放CO₂量增加,引起温室效应,导致地球表面温度升高和海水升温;同时,由于海-气界面气体交换,大气中CO₂部分溶解于海洋,引起海洋酸化。海洋升温加快鱼体内生化反应和代谢速率,并通过影响生长、觅食和繁殖等生命过程中能量供给,间接影响到鱼类种群分布、群落结构及生态系统的功能。而海水酸化会干扰海洋鱼类仔稚鱼的感觉和行为,增加其被捕食率,并削弱其野外生存能力,可能威胁自然种群补给量。综述了海洋升温、海洋酸化及其两者共同作用对海洋鱼类的影响,为预测鱼类响应全球海洋环境变化的响应趋势提供相关依据。

Response of fish to ocean warming and acidification

Since the Industrial Revolution, the increase of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions has led to the greenhouse effect and the rise of the surface temperature on the earth and in the ocean. At the same time, ocean is absorbing more CO₂ that causes ocean acidification. Ocean warming accelerates the biochemical reaction and metabolic rate of fish and indirectly influences the distribution of fish population, community structure and ecosystem function by affecting the energy supply in the life process such as growth, foraging and reproduction. Ocean acidification may impact the sensory and behavior of marine fish, increase their predation rate, and weaken their ability to survive, which will threaten the supply of natural population. The effects of ocean acidification and warming on fish have complex interactions such as synergistic accumulation and antagonism. In this paper, the impact of ocean warming, acidification and their combined effects on marine fish are introduced successively, which maybe provide relevant basis for predicting the variation trend of fish in response to climate change.