Novel fucolipids accumulating in human adenocarcinoma. II. Selective isolation of hybridoma antibodies that differentially recognize mono-, di-, and trifucosylated type 2 chain

A series of glycolipids having the X determinant (Gal beta 1----4 [Fuc alpha----3]GlcNAc) at the terminus and a fucosyl alpha 1----3 residue at the internal GlcNAc residue have been isolated and characterized from tumor tissues (Hakomori, S., Nudelman, E., Levery, S.B., and Kannagi, R. (1984) J. Biol. Chem. 259, 4672-4680. A series of monoclonal antibodies that differentially recognize glycolipids with mono-, di-, and trifucosylated type 2 chain have been isolated and characterized. The antibody FH4 shows a remarkable preferential reactivity towards di-/or trifucosylated type 2 chain, i.e. it does not react with monofucosylated structures, including lactofucopentaosyl (III) ceramide (III3FucnLc4), monofucosyl neolactonorhexaosylceramide (y2, V3FucnLc6), and monofucosyl neolactonoroctaosylceramide (Z1, VII3FucnLc8), but reacts well with di- and trifucosylated type 2 chain structures such as difucosyl neolactonorhexaosylceramide (III3V3Fuc2nLc6) and trifucosyl neolactonoroctaosylceramide (III3V3VII3Fuc3nLc8). Two other monoclonal antibodies, FH5 and ACFH18, preferentially react with trifucosylated type 2 chain structure (III3V3VII3Fuc3nLc8), although cross-reactivity with difucosylated type 2 chain (III3V3Fuc2nLc6) was observed. They showed a minimal cross-reaction with monofucosylated type 2 chain. In contrast, the antibody FH1 does not react with III3FucnLc4 but reacts with V3FucnLc6, III3V3Fuc2nLc6, and III3V3VII3Fuc3nLc8. Two monoclonal antibodies, FH2 and FH3, do not discriminate among various glycolipids having fucosylated type 2 chain, and their reactivities are essentially similar to previously established antibodies directed to the X determinant, such as anti-SSEA-1, WGHS 29, VEP8 and 9, My-1, etc. This series of antibodies will be useful to detect the specific type of glycolipid with fucosylated type 2 chain accumulating in human cancer and in undifferentiated cells.