Locally adapted fish populations maintain small-scale genetic differentiation despite perturbation by a catastrophic flood event |
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| Authors: | Martin Plath Bernd Hermann Christiane Schröder Rüdiger Riesch Michael Tobler Francisco J García de León Ingo Schlupp Ralph Tiedemann |
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| Institution: | 1.Department of Ecology & Evolution,J.W. Goethe University Frankfurt,Frankfurt am Main,Germany;2.Institute of Biochemistry & Biology, Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology,University of Potsdam,Potsdam,Germany;3.Department of Zoology,University of Oklahoma,Norman,USA;4.Department of Biology and Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences,Texas A&M University,College Station,USA;5.Laboratorio Genética para la Conservación,Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste,La Paz,Mexico |
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| Abstract: | Background Local adaptation to divergent environmental conditions can promote population genetic differentiation even in the absence
of geographic barriers and hence, lead to speciation. Perturbations by catastrophic events, however, can distort such parapatric
ecological speciation processes. Here, we asked whether an exceptionally strong flood led to homogenization of gene pools
among locally adapted populations of the Atlantic molly (Poecilia mexicana, Poeciliidae) in the Cueva del Azufre system in southern Mexico, where two strong environmental selection factors (darkness
within caves and/or presence of toxic H2S in sulfidic springs) drive the diversification of P. mexicana. Nine nuclear microsatellites as well as heritable female life history traits (both as a proxy for quantitative genetics
and for trait divergence) were used as markers to compare genetic differentiation, genetic diversity, and especially population
mixing (immigration and emigration) before and after the flood. |
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