羽裂蟹甲草对家蝇和白纹伊蚊的杀虫活性和活性成分(英文)

为探明羽裂蟹甲草Cacalia tangutica的杀虫活性及其活性成分， 通过拌糖饲喂法和浸渍法测定了羽裂蟹甲草甲醇提取物对家蝇Musca domestica成虫和白纹伊蚊Aedes albopictus 4龄幼虫的毒杀活性， 并采用色谱分离技术和现代波谱技术对羽裂蟹甲草中的化学成分进行了分离鉴定。结果表明： 该植物不同部位甲醇提取物对家蝇成虫和白纹伊蚊4龄幼虫均具有较高的生物活性。从该植物叶和花甲醇提取物中分离鉴定了豆甾醇、 无羁萜、 7 羟基 8 甲氧基香豆素、 7 羟基香豆素、 7, 8 二羟基香豆素、 瑞香素-8-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷、 槲皮素、 山奈酚和β 胡萝卜苷9个化合物。无羁萜、 槲皮素和山奈酚为首次从该植物中分离得到， 500 μg/g拌糖处理48 h后， 其对家蝇成虫的校正死亡率分别为88.30%， 69.90%和77.04%； 50 μg/mL药液处理72 h后， 其对白纹伊蚊4龄幼虫的校正死亡率分别为88.49%， 72.22%和71.06%； 均与鱼藤酮差异不显著（P<0.05）， 表现出良好的杀虫活性。本研究说明羽裂蟹甲草对家蝇和白纹伊蚊具有明显的毒杀活性， 是一种潜在的卫生害虫控制剂。

Insecticidal activities and active ingredients of Cacalia tangutica against Musca domestica and Aedes albopictus

To study the insecticidal activities and active ingredients of Cacalia tangutica, the methanol extracts of C. tangutica against Musca domestica and Aedes albopictus were bioassayed with feeding method and dipping method. The active ingredients of C. tangutica were isolated and identified. Results indicated that the methanol extracts from different parts of C. tangutica showed highly insecticidal activities against adult M. domestica and the 4th instar larvae of A. albopictus. Nine compounds (stigmasterol, friedelin, 7-hydroxy-8-methoxycoumarin, umbelliferone, daphnetin, daphnetin-8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, quercetin, kaempferol and β-daucosterol) were isolated and identified from extracts of leaves and flowers of C. tangutica. Among them, friedelin, quercetin and kaempferol were firstly isolated from this plant. At 48 h after treatment, the corrected mortalities of adult M. domestica caused by friedelin, quercetin and kaempferol at the dosage of 500 μg/g were 88.33%, 69.90% and 77.04%, respectively. At 72 h after treatment, the corrected mortalities of the 4th instar larvae of A. albopictus caused by friedelin, quercetin and kaempferol at the concentration of 50 μg/g were 88.49%, 72.22% and 71.06%, respectively. The studies suggest that C. tangutica would be a promising control agent on medical insects and deserves a further study.