Effect of temperature,food and individual variability on the embryonic development time and fecundity of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Arctodiaptomus salinus</Emphasis> (Copepoda: Calanoida) from a shallow saline pond |
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Authors: | Raquel Jiménez-Melero Gema Parra Francisco Guerrero |
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Institution: | 1.Departamento de Biología Animal, Biología Vegetal y Ecología,Universidad de Jaén,Jaén,Spain |
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Abstract: | Organisms living in temporary and shallow wetlands are adapted to survive in very fluctuating and unpredictable conditions
and might help us to understand life cycle strategies and plasticity in the context of global warming. Despite the importance
of Arctodiaptomus salinus in these systems, little is known about the effect of temperature on its population dynamics. Through an individual-based
experimental protocol, we studied the effect of this factor and food on its reproduction. This approach has revealed a large
range of variability in reproductive parameters in all the experimental conditions. Temperature positively affected egg production
and negatively longevity, but did not affect clutch size. Under unsuitable food conditions, the clutch size decreased and the inter-clutch period increased,
and when the food conditions improved, the number of eggs increased gradually in every clutch. Eggs from the same clutch hatched
synchronously. In contrast, there were significant differences between the hatching times of clutches from different females
and between those of the same female. The observed individual variability increased when temperature moved away from the medium
values. The thermal tolerance threshold for A. salinus development might be around 25–29°C. Since water pond is close to this thermal limit for long periods of time, an increment
of temperature because of global warming might have dramatic consequences on this population. The individual-based experimental
approach of this study provides useful information to construct realistic individual-based models, which will help us to better
understand the population-level consequences of individual variability in A. salinus reproduction. |
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