| 环境病毒的宿主鉴定技术进展 |
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| 引用本文： | 徐步,邹雪蓉,朱元清,范陆,张传伦.环境病毒的宿主鉴定技术进展[J].微生物学报,2022,62(12):4663-4683. |
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| 作者姓名： | 徐步 邹雪蓉 朱元清 范陆 张传伦 |
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| 作者单位： | 哈尔滨工业大学环境学院, 黑龙江 哈尔滨 150001;南方科技大学海洋科学与工程系, 深圳海洋地球古菌组学重点实验室, 广东 深圳 518055;南方科技大学海洋科学与工程系, 深圳海洋地球古菌组学重点实验室, 广东 深圳 518055;上海佘山地球物理国家科学野外观测研究站, 上海 200062;南方科技大学海洋科学与工程系, 深圳海洋地球古菌组学重点实验室, 广东 深圳 518055;南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州), 广东 广州 511458;南方科技大学海洋科学与工程系, 深圳海洋地球古菌组学重点实验室, 广东 深圳 518055;南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州), 广东 广州 511458;上海佘山地球物理国家科学野外观测研究站, 上海 200062 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金(91951120，91851210，42141003)；国家重点研发计划(2018YFA0605802)；深圳市科技创新委员会(ZDSYS201802081843490)；南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州)(K19313901)；上海佘山地球科学国家野外科学观测研究站(2020Z01) |
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| 摘 要： | 病毒是地球上丰度最高的微小生命粒子，通过调控宿主的群落结构、介导宿主死亡和参与水平基因转移等方式影响着生物地球化学循环和地球生命演化。近年来，宏基因组学的发展实现了在全球尺度上对环境病毒的大规模探索和研究，大量新的病毒基因组被发掘，病毒在全球生态过程和生物地球化学循环中的角色和贡献也得到进一步认知。病毒在环境中的重要作用是通过感染宿主实现的。然而，环境病毒的宿主鉴定工作远落后于环境病毒基因组测序研究。本文综述了目前病毒宿主鉴定的主要技术及其优缺点和应用场景，总结了病毒的宿主鉴定在病毒生态学研究和生物工程领域的重要价值，并初步展望了未来病毒宿主鉴定技术的发展方向。
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| 关 键 词： | 病毒 宿主鉴定 感染关系 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022/9/4 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2022/10/30 0:00:00 |
Advances in host prediction approaches for environmental phages |
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| XU Bu,ZOU Xuerong,ZHU Yuanqing,FAN Lu,ZHANG Chuanlun.Advances in host prediction approaches for environmental phages[J].Acta Microbiologica Sinica,2022,62(12):4663-4683. |
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| Authors: | XU Bu ZOU Xuerong ZHU Yuanqing FAN Lu ZHANG Chuanlun |
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| Institution: | School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China;Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Archaea Geo-Omics, Department of Ocean Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology(SUSTech), Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China;Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Archaea Geo-Omics, Department of Ocean Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology(SUSTech), Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China;Shanghai Sheshan National Geophysical Observatory, Shanghai 200062, China;Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Archaea Geo-Omics, Department of Ocean Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology(SUSTech), Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China;Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, Guangdong, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Archaea Geo-Omics, Department of Ocean Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology(SUSTech), Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China;Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, Guangdong, China;Shanghai Sheshan National Geophysical Observatory, Shanghai 200062, China |
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| Abstract: | Viruses are the most abundant biological entities on Earth. They play an important role in biogeochemical cycles and the evolution of life by regulating host community structure, causing mortality, and mediating genetic exchange. In recent years, the development of metagenomics has enabled the global-scale study of environmental viruses. A large number of novel viral genomes have been uncovered, and the roles and contributions of viruses in ecological processes and biogeochemical cycles have been recognized. The important role of viruses in ecosystem is mainly dependent on the infecting host. However, host prediction of environmental viruses has lagged far behind the studies of environmental viral genomics. This review aims to provide the latest knowledge of the main approaches for virus-host prediction, their pros and cons, and application, to reveal the importance of host prediction in the ecological research and bioengineering of viruses, and to present an outlook on the future development of host prediction approaches. |
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| Keywords: | virus host prediction infectious relationship |
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