Circulating tumor cell isolation,culture, and downstream molecular analysis |
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Authors: | Sandhya Sharma Rachel Zhuang Marisa Long Mirjana Pavlovic Yunqing Kang Azhar Ilyas Waseem Asghar |
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Affiliation: | 1. Department of Computer & Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA;2. Asghar-Lab, Micro and Nanotechnology in Medicine, College of Engineering and Computer Science, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA;3. Department of Ocean & Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering and Computer Science, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA;4. Department of Biomedical Science, College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA;5. Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, New York Institute of Technology, Old Westbury, NY 11568, USA;6. Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA |
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Abstract: | Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are a major contributor of cancer metastases and hold a promising prognostic significance in cancer detection. Performing functional and molecular characterization of CTCs provides an in-depth knowledge about this lethal disease. Researchers are making efforts to design devices and develop assays for enumeration of CTCs with a high capture and detection efficiency from whole blood of cancer patients. The existing and on-going research on CTC isolation methods has revealed cell characteristics which are helpful in cancer monitoring and designing of targeted cancer treatments. In this review paper, a brief summary of existing CTC isolation methods is presented. We also discuss methods of detaching CTC from functionalized surfaces (functional assays/devices) and their further use for ex-vivo culturing that aid in studies regarding molecular properties that encourage metastatic seeding. In the clinical applications section, we discuss a number of cases that CTCs can play a key role for monitoring metastases, drug treatment response, and heterogeneity profiling regarding biomarkers and gene expression studies that bring treatment design further towards personalized medicine. |
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Keywords: | Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) Cell enrichment Point of care Liquid biopsy Personalized therapies |
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