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Gene expression analysis of Six3, Pax6, and Otx in the early development of the stalked crinoid Metacrinus rotundus
Authors:Akihito Omori  Koji Akasaka  Daisuke Kurokawa  Shonan Amemiya
Institution:1. Misaki Marine Biological Station, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Misaki, Kanagawa 238-0225, Japan;2. Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8526, Japan;3. Marine and Coastal Research Center, Ochanomizu University, Ko-yatsu, Tateyama, Chiba 294-0301, Japan;4. Center for Marine Biology, The University of Tokyo, Misaki, Kanagawa 238-0225, Japan
Abstract:The stalked crinoid, Metacrinus rotundus, is one of the most basal extant echinoderms. Here, we show the expression patterns of Six3, Pax6, and Otx in the early development of M. rotundus. All three genes are highly expressed in stages from the gastrula to the auricularia larval stage. Ectodermal expression of MrOtx appears to be correlated with development of the ciliary band. These three genes are expressed sequentially along the embryonic body axis in the anterior and middle walls of the archenteron in the order of MrPax6, MrSix3, and MrOtx. The anterior, middle, and posterior parts of the archenteron in the late gastrula differentiate into the axo-hydrocoel, the enteric sac, and somatocoels at later stages, respectively. The three genes are expressed sequentially from the tip of the axo-hydrocoel to the bottom of enteric sac in the order of MrSix3, MrPax6, and MrOtx at the later stages. This suggests that these genes are involved in patterning of the larval endo-mesoderm in stalked crinoids. The present results suggest that radical alterations have occurred in the expression and function of homeobox genes in basal echinoderms.
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