Mechanism and evolution of DNA primases |
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Authors: | Robert D Kuchta Gudrun Stengel |
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Institution: | Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA |
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Abstract: | DNA primase synthesizes short RNA primers that replicative polymerases further elongate in order to initiate the synthesis of all new DNA strands. Thus, primase owes its existence to the inability of DNA polymerases to initiate DNA synthesis starting with 2 dNTPs. Here, we discuss the evolutionary relationships between the different families of primases (viral, eubacterial, archael, and eukaryotic) and the catalytic mechanisms of these enzymes. This includes how they choose an initiation site, elongate the growing primer, and then only synthesize primers of defined length via an inherent ability to count. Finally, the low fidelity of primases along with the development of primase inhibitors is described. |
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Keywords: | Primase Polymerase NTP dNTP Mechanism Inhibition Counting Fidelity Misincorporation Initiation |
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