小兴安岭带岭林区红松阔叶林景观多样性与稳定性研究

选取具有典型代表性的黑龙江省小兴安岭带岭林业局东方红林场为研究对象,在应用地理信息系统软件对现行森林经营措施进行分析的基础上,探讨了该林场景观分类、景观变化动态分析的结果和成因,并应用马尔可夫转移模型进行景观模拟预测.结果表明,研究期间东方红林场一级分类和二级分类的景观多样性指数较低,有林地面积占整个研究区域的91%以上,构成了景观的基质;1985～1993年间,有林地优势地位加强,优势度从0.611增加到0.692,顶极群落优势度增加70%;在以择伐为主伐更新措施条件下,红松阔叶林在201～209年间将达到稳定状态,面积为13 120～13 22 hm²,成为当地稳定的顶极植被群落.

Landscape diversity and stability of Korean pine broad-leaved forest in Xiaoxing'anling forest region

Taking the Dongfanghong Forestry Farm of Dailing Forestry Bureau in Heilongjiang Province as the study area, and based on the GIS information and the analysis of current forest management measures, a landscape dynamic model was established, which indicated that the indexes of landscape classification at the first and second levels were rather low, due to the forest covered about 91% of the whole study area. The dominance index of forest cover was increased from 0. 611 to 0. 692 during the period from 1985 to 1993, and that of climax forest community was increased by 70 %. During the years of 2 041 - 2 049, the Korean pine broad-leaved forest would become the climax forest community in this area, with an area around 13 120-13 242 hm^2 if taking selective cutting as the prevailing harvesting method.