Complete degradation of tetrachloroethene by combining anaerobic dechlorinating and aerobic methanotrophic enrichment cultures |
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Authors: | J Gerritse V Renard J C Gottschal J Visser |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Microbiology, University of Groningen, Kerklaan 30, 9751 NN Haren, The Netherlands. Fax: +31-50-632154, NL |
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Abstract: | Degradation of tetrachloroethene (perchloroethylene, PCE) was investigated by combining the metabolic abilities of anaerobic
bacteria, capable of reductive dechlorination of PCE, with those of aerobic methanotrophic bacteria, capable of co-metabolic
degradation of the less-chlorinated ethenes formed by reductive dechlorination of PCE. Anaerobic communities reductively dechlorinating
PCE, trichloroethene (TCE) and dichloroethenes were enriched from various sources. The maximum rates of dechlorination observed
for various chloroethenes in these batch enrichments were: PCE to TCE (341 μmol l-1 day-1), TCE to cis-dichloroethene (159 μmol l-1 day-1), cis-dichloroethene to chloroethene (99 μmol l-1 day-1) and trans-dichloroethene to chloroethene (22 μmol l-1 day-1). A mixture of these enrichments was inoculated into an anoxic fixed-bed upflow column. In this column PCE was converted
mainly into cis-1, 2-dichloroethene, small amounts of TCE and chloroethene, and chloride. Enrichments of aerobic methanotrophic bacteria
were grown in an oxic fixed-bed downflow column. Less-chlorinated ethenes, formed in the anoxic column, were further metabolized
in this oxic methanotrophic column. On the basis of analysis of chloride production and the disappearance of chlorinated ethenes
it was demonstrated that complete degradation of PCE was possible by combining these two columns. Operation of the two-column
system under various process conditions indicated that the sensitivity of the methanotrophic bacteria to chlorinated intermediates
represented the bottle-neck in the sequential anoxic/oxic degradation process of PCE.
Received: 24 October 1994 / Received revision: 20 January 1995 / Accepted: 23 January 1995 |
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