rhBMP-2诱导异位软骨修复重建兔气管缺损的实验研究

目的：探讨重组人骨形成蛋白-2（rhBMP-2）作为激活物诱导异位软骨修复并重建免气管缺损的可行性。方法：取24只新西兰大白兔，制备气管前壁软骨1／3缺损模型。随机分为A、B组，每组12只，A组为实验组，在气管缺损处前壁颈前肌肉修补，多点注射rhBMP-2；B组于气管软骨缺损部位直接颈前肌群修补。术后观察动物一般情况，于4、8、12周取材进行大体观察、HE染色观察重建区域情况。结果：术后A组动物均存活至实验完成，B组因气道感染及气道分泌物堵管潴留致使实验兔死亡，其余动物出现皮下气肿，呼吸不畅等情况。组织学观察A组有明显的新生软骨细胞及少量软骨样组织，可见结缔组织包绕，周围肌肉组织完整，排列整齐，未见明显坏死组织，有少量淋巴细胞浸润。B组未见软骨组织生成，可见大量肉芽组织增生，结缔组织排列紊乱，伴少量坏死组织，大量淋巴浸润。结论：rhBMP-2可通过注射到颈前肌肉修补肌群中诱导软骨细胞和软骨样组织生成，减轻炎症反应，联合颈前肌瓣修复重建气管缺损能充分维持修复重建后的气道形态，具有减少术后皮下气肿、气管狭窄的作用，有望用于临床修复重建气管纽织缺损。

Effect of Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein -2 in Inducement of Ectopic Cartilage Repair and Reconstruction of Tracheal Defects in Rabbits

To investigate the feasibility of using recombined human bone morphogenetic protein-2 （rhBMP-2） to and to reconstruct rabbit tracheal defect. Methods： 24 New Zealand rabbits were used in this the anterior ward of the trachea of the animal was created. Rabbits were randomly divided into two groups （n=12）.The tracheal defect was repaired by anterior cervical muscle and injected with rhBMP-2 and absolute alcohol separately. The specimens were procured at 4,6,12 weeks for general observation and HE staining in order to evaluate the reconstruction. Results：Rabbits of the experimental group are all survived. In control group, some animal were died of infection and ischesis, while subcutaneous emphysema and choking were observed in other rabbits. Conclusion： rhBMP-2 can reconstruct rabbit tracheal defect and maintain the tracheal shape, consequently decrease the incidence of subcutaneous emphysema and choking and has potential clinical application.