太极拳运动对老年人步态稳定性的影响

目的：本实验通过对比老年人参加太极拳锻炼后的步态学参数的变化,旨在探究太极拳运动对老年人步态稳定性的影响。方法：（1）研究对象：选取40名社区老年人为研究对象。其中练习太极拳两年以上者20人为实验组（练习内容均为简化二十四式太极拳）,其中男女各10名;未曾练习太极拳而且未参加其他项目锻炼者20名为对照组,其中男女各10名。（2）测试方法：采用BIODEX步态训练仪对两组不同老年人进行步态测试。实验数据采用SPSS13.0统计软件进行处理,以P〈0.05为有显著性差异,P〈0.01为有非常显著性差异。结果：随着年龄的增长,老年人的步态稳定性逐渐下降,同年龄段的老年人女性的步态稳定性优于男性老年人,男性老年人步长大于女性老年人。女性老年人的左脚功能明显优于男性老年人左脚功能。长期参加太极拳锻炼的老年人步态稳定性明显提高,在步速一定的情况下,通过加大步长,降低步频提高了步态的稳定性。结论：太极拳锻炼对促进老年人步态稳定提高平衡能力有显著效果,经常参加太极拳锻炼有助于老年人下肢功能的维持,应大力开展老年人太极拳锻炼。

Effect of Taijiquan Exercise on Stability of the Elderly Gait

Objective：Walking is man＇s basic ability on daily normal life,as the growth of the age,the human body each system function is lower,especially the stability of the gait.This experiment through comparing elderly people＇ gait parameters to learn tai chi exercises,to explore the influence of taijiquan exercise′effects on the elder′gait learning parameters methods.Methods：Select 40 community elderly for research object,all of them have no serious cardioascular disease and joint disease and vestibular function obstacle.Divided into two groups,control group（n=20,half of them is men,all of them have never exercised）,experiment group（n=20,half of them is men,all of them have practiced taijiquan for two more years）.The elderly are all tested on equal condition of gait training（two minutes′training in speed of 3.5 km/h）.Experimental data analysised by statistical software SPSS13.0.P 0.05 represent significant difference,P 0.01 for a very significant difference.Results：The steps length compared with control group and experiment group have a significant difference,and it have very significant difference between control group and experiment group of men.There also have a significant difference between men′two groups in left index variation and mobile index,but not significant difference between control group and experiment group of women.Conclusion：Taijiquan exercise has positively influence for the elder′gait raising.Long-terms exercises improves the function of feet and stability,often attend taijiquan exercise helps maintain limb function.