The dependence of radiation enhancement effect on the concentration of gold nanoparticles exposed to low- and high-LET radiations |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany;2. Kirchhoff-Institut for Physics, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany;3. Cellnetworks Cluster and Institute for Physical Chemistry, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany;4. Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Center for Biomedicine and Medical Technology Mannheim (CBTM) Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany;1. The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA;2. SoonChunHyang University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea;3. Nanospectra Biosciences Inc., Houston, TX, USA;4. University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil |
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| Abstract: | We examined the dependence of hydroxyl radical production on the concentration of 15 nm citrate-capped AuNPs and dose using coumarin-3-carboxylic acid in phosphate buffered saline (PBS), and investigated the radiosensitisation of different concentration AuNPs on human cervix carcinoma HeLa cells through clonogenic survival assay for X-rays and carbon ions. The enhancement factor of AuNPs for hydroxyl radical production reached a maximum 3.66 for X-rays at the concentration of 0.1 μg/mL while the maximum was 5.52 for carbon ions in presence of 1.0 μg/mL AuNPs in PBS. At 50% survival level, the sensitizer enhancement ratios of X-rays and carbon ions varied from 1.14 to 2.88 and from 1.27 to 1.44, respectively, when cells were co-cultured with 1.5–15.0 μg/mL AuNPs. Our data indicate AuNPs showed radiosensitisation in terms of hydroxyl radical production and cell killing for low- and high-LET radiations. The concentration of AuNPs in PBS and cells played an important role in radiosensitizing effect. Based on the fact-the AuNPs in PBS could improve the production of hydroxyl radical and no accumulation of cells in the G2/M phase was observed, we deduce that the increment of hydroxyl radical production with AuNPs provided a mechanism for radiosensitisation. |
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| Keywords: | Gold nanoparticles Low- and high-LET radiations Radiation enhancement effect Sensitizer enhancement ratio |
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