Systematics,palaeoecology and palaeobiogeography of the Neogene fossil sharks from the Azores (Northeast Atlantic) |
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Authors: | Sérgio P Ávila Ricardo Ramalho Romain Vullo |
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Institution: | 1. CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Pólo dos Açores & Departamento de Biologia, Universidade dos Açores, Rua Mãe de Deus, 9501-855 Ponta Delgada, Azores, Portugal;2. MPB, Marine PalaeoBiogeography Working Group of the University of Azores, Departamento de Biologia, Universidade dos Açores, 9501-855 Ponta Delgada, Azores, Portugal;3. Institut für Geophysik, Westphälishe-Wilhelms Universitat, Corrensstraße 24, 48149 17 Münster, Germany;4. CNRS UMR 6118, laboratoire de paléontologie, géosciences, université de Rennes 1, 263, avenue du Général-Leclerc, 35042 Rennes cedex, France;5. Muséum d’Histoire naturelle de La Rochelle, 28, rue Albert-1er, 17000 La Rochelle, France |
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Abstract: | The Azores Archipelago is a group of isolated islands located in the North Atlantic Ocean. One of these oceanic islands – Santa Maria – exhibits marine fossiliferous sediments of late Miocene/early Pliocene and also of Pleistocene age. Recent research provided new selachian fossil material, with three new records (Carcharias acutissima, Megaselachus megalodon, and Carcharhinus cf. leucas) increasing the number of fossil sharks reported from the Azores (Santa Maria Island) to seven species (Notorynchus primigenius, C. acutissima, Cosmopolitodus hastalis, Paratodus benedenii, Isurus oxyrinchus, M. megalodon, and C. cf. leucas). So far, no teeth of batoids or small sharks have been found despite the screen-washing of several sediment samples from Santa Maria. The Azorean Mio-Pliocene selachian fauna clearly differs from those described from sediments deposited on continental shelves, in which batoids and small benthic sharks (e.g., scyliorhinids) are usually well represented. During the late Miocene/early Pliocene, subtropical to warm-temperate seas were prevalent in the area of the Azores, as deduced from palaeontological, geological and isotopic data, all indicating a warmer climate than in the present. |
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Keywords: | Elasmobranchii Neoselachii Neogene Oceanic islands Azores NE Atlantic Ocean |
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